Extraction of a tooth causes resorption of the supporting bone. Bone resorption
causes a 40-60% decrease in its width during the first three years following extraction.
Bone resorption occurs at the expense of the outer plate of bone reducing the width
of bone. Then overtime the height of bone is reduced. This becomes critical for
anterior implants where ideal esthetics, phonetics and function is desired. In the
upper jaw following extraction the sinus floor begins to expand further decreasing
the available bone to place implants in the posterior maxilla. In the lower jaw
the mandibular nerve runs in the bone limiting the length of the implant placed.
Bone Grafting can be used as a socket preservation procedure when it is placed following
extraction of a tooth or to augment an atrophied or resorbed site.
Bone Grafting Procedures
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Socket Grafting for Ridge Preservation
After a tooth is extracted the bone will begin to disintegrate unless an implant or bone graft is placed. A socket graft following an extraction is done to preserve the ridge minimizing the need for extensive grafting later and allowing for ideal implant placement.
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Ridge Augmentation Procedures
In severe cases of ridge resorption a block or onlay graft is placed to increase the ridge height and/or width.
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Sinus Lift and Graft Procedure
This procedure involves elevating the sinus membrane and placing the bone graft
onto the sinus floor, allowing implants to be placed in the back part of the upper
jaw.
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